Proper (vertex) colouring
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Proper (vertex) colouring --- правильная раскраска (вершин).
A proper colouring of [math]\displaystyle{ G }[/math] is an assignment of colors to the vertices so that adjacent vertices obtain distinct colors. The chromatic number [math]\displaystyle{ \chi(G) }[/math] is the minimum number of colors required among all proper colorings of [math]\displaystyle{ G }[/math].